i believe i used the minimal expanding foam "great stuff" and i also added a piece of pvc pipe to the back. then i just put a piece of rebar into the ground and slide the pvc on to the rebar. i'd recommend putting the pvc all the way to the top of the grave stone to make it stronger. i have my pvc running about 1\2 way up the grave stone and it snapped right at the top of the pvc in the wind.